Temp files are cookies, flash files which will download partially to a computer to run, ActiveX controls, and a host of other things besides. I'm not saying that your antivirus didn't find anything. What I AM saying though, is that it's possible you had a tab open to a different site which had the actual infection, or the file itself picked something to spoof from your own history.
Looking further in to the software being used, I'm seeing reviews saying that for phishing/malware it doesn't work as well as it should. This is actually COMMON in antivirus software, which is why you'll often see people installing something in addition to the AV software to run scans solely to eliminate phishing/malware.
If it was here, as I said, we would have been notified by the webmaster tools from google itself. Chrome would've kicked and not allowed acces at ALL. This link will give you the google diagnostics information.